I want to travel with my family by road and i have sharjah driving license and i have a brand new car,?

i and my family have resident visa of sharjah please i want to know how many km from Dubai to makkah and what is the rout i select,during travel dubai to makkah there is safe journey.what document i need to show at border and also after makkah and madina i want to continue my travel to Damascus,how many km from saudia to damacus and which is the nearest city makkah or madina,please give me detail i am thankfull to u.syed amjad hussain shah